Kanha Wildlife
The Kanha National Park, in Madhya Pradesh, forms the core
of the Kanha Tiger Reserve created in 1974, under Project Tiger. Stretching
over 940 sq km, the vegetation, chiefly made of sal and bamboo forests,
grasslands and streams, this park is the sole habitat of the rare hardground
barasingha.
The forests of the Banjar valley and Halon valley,
respectively forming Kanha's western and eastern halves, had even , at the
turn of the century, been famous for their deer and tiger population. By a
special statute in 1955, Kanha National Park came into being. Since then, a
string of stringent conservation programmes have been launched, for the
overall protection of the park's fauna and flora. It is one of the most
well-maintained National Parks in Asia, and a major attraction for avid
wildlife buffs all over the world.

Kanha boasts of about 22 species of mammals. Some of the inhabitants of this
park are the gaur, the largest of the world's cattle; the sambar, the
largest Indian deer; and the chausingha, the only four-horned antelope in
the world. Other frequent visitors include the Nilgai antelope, the sloth
bear, the dhole, or Indian wild dog, and an occasional panther. Some 200
species of birds inhabit the park, that include the cattle egret, black
ibis, hawk eagle, and the red-wattled lapwing. Shravantal is an old,
earthenbound tank in the central Kanha meadows, which happens to be an
important watering hole, for a large number of water fowl in winter. Bamni
Dadar, known as Sunset Point, is the most beautiful section of the park, and
the view of the sunset from this spot is absolutely mesmerising. Quite a few
animals can be sighted around this area which include the sambar, gaur, the
four-horned antelope and the barking deer.
Blackbuck:
The barasingha is undoubtedly, the jewel of Kanha, and drastic
steps have been taken to rescue it from complete extinction. The enlargement
of the grasslands, through village reallocation, has been responsible for
this impressive achievement. Barasinghas exist almost totally on grass, and
tall grass meadows are essential for their security. At the height of
winter, between December and January, falls the rutting season of these
animals, and huge groups can be easily spotted in the Kanha and Sonph
meadows. A small, but significant number of blackbucks also inhabit the
central Kanha meadow.
But for all the astonishing diversity in
its wildlife population, Kanha is best known as the habitat of the tiger.
Sighting and photographing this magnificent animal from elephant back, is an
unforgettable experience. It was here that the first ever scientific study
of the tiger was undertaken by the great zoologist George Schaller.